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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential entrada before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Groovy Once again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Great Over again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton too used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'southward use of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in contempo history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in refuse.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, beingness used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Us, regarding it equally canis familiaris-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [v] [half-dozen] [7] The slogan was likewise at the centre of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in near media outlets, the Jussie Smollett attack hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [nine] [x] [xi]

Utilise before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was commencement used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken communication at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin can coordinate labor, majuscule, and direction; who can give the human of enterprise encouragement, who tin give them the spirit which volition beget vision. That volition brand America great over again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertizing associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[xiii]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit'due south make America cracking again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United states of america was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amid the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Within his acceptance voice communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to brand America neat again."[18] [19]

Nib Clinton [edit]

The phrase was as well used in speeches[xx] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used equally a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you an economic system you had fifty years ago, and... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'southward book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a Usa Senate seat in Delaware was published past St. Martin'due south Press on August 16, 2011, equally Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes to Make America Not bad Once again.[24]

Apply past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Swell Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to dominion out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must go out all of my options open up considering, above all else, we must make America bully again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a volume using equally a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #i Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Nifty Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Great Once again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State'due south function to create the "Make America Great Again Party", which would have allowed Trump to exist that political party'southward nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Hand Romney. By his own account, Trump first considered "We Volition Brand America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Keen" was his side by side slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because information technology implied that America was never great. Subsequently selecting "Brand America Great Again", Trump immediately had an chaser annals it. (Trump after said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On Nov 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Role requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public every bit early on as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Over again" on a roadside in California presently later the November 2016 ballot

Trump wearing a "Go along America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, specially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which shortly became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was then of import to the campaign that at 1 betoken information technology spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or boob tube commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real lid x to one. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys ane, that's an advertisement."[28]

Post-obit Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Yet, Trump'due south 2020 campaign continued to use the "Brand America Keen Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-once again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In belatedly 2021, this phrase became the proper noun of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was as well mocked.[38]

Less than a week later Trump left part, he spoke to advisors well-nigh possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Political party". In his first few days out of office, he too supported Arizona country party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late Jan 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party equally leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is non Presidential – it'southward Mod Day PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July i, 2017.[41]

In the commencement one-half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: i,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump prepare his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly post-obit the annunciation (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with especially notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May three, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its employ since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalisation of America journalist, among others,[five] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't only entreatment to people who hear it every bit racist coded language, merely also to those who have felt a loss of condition as other groups have become more than empowered."[4] Every bit Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Outset did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before information technology was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Once again' hat is non necessarily an overt expression of racism. Simply if you wear ane, it'due south a pretty adept indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump'southward racist views nearly Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half-dozen] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are bear witness of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that virtually ten percent of blackness voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ non-primary source needed ] while about thirty pct of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and sometime Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the contempo global movements confronting traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be little dubiousness about United states President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'simulated news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election entrada theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Great Once more; America Showtime and Just' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Once again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin Win the State of war on Terror and Make America Keen Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr afterward the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Allow's Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the utilize of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's chief opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Not bad Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to ship stop-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016, debate.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump'southward clearing policies regarding the U.South.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that bully" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Onetime Usa Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did yous think America was great?"[lx] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September ane, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made bang-up again because America was always great."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT Again!" afterwards that twenty-four hours.[63]

Use past detest groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used every bit "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet swell again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Republic of indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Political party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Motility have often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the Globe Greta Again.[lxx]

The Spanish far right party Phonation used as slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Kingdom of spain Dandy Again".[71] [72]

In pop culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Corking Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an matter with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Over again" strip club tour. The bout followed Trump'southward initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Advertizement [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Once again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Over again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[75] [76]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross'south 2016 stand up-upward tour was titled "Making America Great Over again".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the Globe Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Again" hats.[78] [79] [eighty]

Style [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Once again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wearable on Ruby Carpet e.yard. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Nifty Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Slap-up Again" fez hat in one scene.[83]
  • The Syfy moving picture Sharknado five: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Go on America Bang-up" (a phrase Trump would afterward employ as his 2020 entrada slogan); i of the Television receiver spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to go on my country [America] great".[85] The next moving picture in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA lid.[86]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da v Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA chapeau throughout the motion-picture show.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Brand Athens Dandy Once more" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing entrada.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Rise: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Great Once again" during his speech while contesting Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman ii (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast under the slogan Haz que Republic of colombia ocean grande otra vez .[90]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Male child released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 called K.A.T.A, pregnant Make America Trap Again.[92]
  • Make America Stone Again was a rock concert tour.[93]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Loma, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Once more Tour", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA chapeau.
  • Uk musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 chosen 'Make ANGER Dandy Over again'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Vocaliser Joy Villa produced a single "Brand America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate once more in Take chances the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Once more.[98]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Nifty Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Brand Baseball Fun Once again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Keen Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and regime together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[101] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper noun of the Trump family unit.[102] [103] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[103]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'south, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May xxx, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Consequence occurs at 0:00.
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  5. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump campaign swag or symbols of hate?". Detroit Gratis Press . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February v, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, merely they share a sure unfortunate Dna". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Telephone call Them by Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'due south slogan, 'Make America slap-up again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the dwelling house, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

kozlowskilovid1985.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again#:~:text=It%20was%20registered%20as%20a,an%20interview%20with%20Jonathan%20Karl.

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